kes- (*ĝhes-)

    kes- (*ĝhes-)

    English meaning: to scratch, itch

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “kratzen, kämmen”

    Material: Gk. κεσκέον (zur form κεσκίον s. Boisacq) “ oakum “ (*kes-kes-); M.Ir. cīr f. “comb” (*kēs-rü); O.N. haddr m. “Kopfhaar the Frau” (*hazda-z); O.E. heord f. “hair” (*hezdü), in addition heordan pl. “ oakum “, Eng. hards, M.L.G. herde “Flachsfaser”; hēde , M.L.G. hēde, heide (Dutch Ger. Hede) “ oakum “; Lith. kasà “ braid, plait, pigtail “, kasaũ, -ūti “continual gelinde scratch, scrape”, kasù, kàsti “umgraben”, Ltv. kast “ rake “, kasît ‘scrape, scratch, rake, scratch, scrape”, in addition kasa f., kasus m. kašḱ is m., “ scabies “; O.Pruss. kexti f. “Zopfhaar, (development from a participle *kestas or a *koz-dho- = Gmc. *hazda-); maybe Alb. (*češ) qeth “dress hair” [common Alb. s > th shift], (*kasît) kosit “harvest the crops” O.C.S. češǫ , česati “comb; stripe, abstreifen (e.g. Beeren)”, Bulg. (etc.) čé šel “comb”, Cz. pa-čes m. “Hede, oakum “, Russ. čë ska “Hede, oakum “, češujá “dandruff”, česotka “ scabies “; Church Slavic kosa “hair”, Russ. (etc.) kosá “lichen, pigtail “, Church Slavic kosmъ “hair”; O.C.S. kosnąti “touch, anrũhren”, kasati sę “touch” (from “pluck”), Serb. kȍsīm, -iti “lacerare, vellere” probably iterative to česati; Cz. (etc.) kochati “ergötzen, caress, lieben” (to kosnąti as “liebkosend, zärtlich touch”, perhaps “krauen”; compare Berneker 152, 491, 538, 580 ff.). Root extensions: ks-en- in Gk. ξαίνω (*ksn̥i̯ō) ‘scratch, comb; drum; tumble, prũgle”, ξάνιον “comb zum Wollekrempeln”, ξάσμα “gekrempelte wool”, ἐπίξηνον “clot, chunk, Haublock”; Lat. sentis (*ksen-tis) “briar”, sentus “horridus” (by Prudentius “dornig”); ks-n-eu- in: O.Ind. kṣṇüuti ‘schleift, wetzt, reibt”, kṣṇṓtra- n. “grindstone, whetstone”, participle kṣṇutá- Av. hu-xšnuta- “good geschärft”; common O.Ind. ĝh- > kṣ- phonetic mutation Lat. novücula ‘schermesser, razor” (due to a Verbums *novüre from *ksneu̯ü-); O.N. snøggr “kurzgeschoren”, snoðenn “naked, bald, bleak geschoren”; snauðr “unverhũllt, arm”, O.E.besnyððan “mug, rob”, M.H.G. besNOTE n “ sparse, arm”, snæde ‘small, weak”, Ger. schnöde. ks-es- in: Gk. ξέω (*ks-es-ō), Aor. ξέσσαι ‘scrape, smooth”, ξεστός “geschabt”; common O.Ind. ĝh- > kṣ- : Avestan ĝh- > gz-, z- : Gk. z- phonetic mutation ks-eu- in: O.Ind. kṣurá- m. ‘schermesser, Dornpflanze”; Pers. šor ‘salzig”, kurd. śūr ds.; common O.Ind. ĝh- > kṣ- phonetic mutation Gk. ξύ̄ω “ scrape, rub, glätte”, participle ξυστός “geschabt, geglättet”, -όν “(geglätteter) spear shaft”, ξύσμα “Abschabsel”, ξύστρα ‘striegel”, ξυστήρ “ rasper”, ξυρόν (: O.Ind. kṣurá-) ‘schermesser”, ξυρόν τομόν, ἰσχνόν, ὀξύ Hes.; ξόανον (*ks-ou̯-enom) “all Geschnitzte”, esp. “Götterbild”; common O.Ind. ĝh- > kṣ- : Avestan ĝh- > gz-, z- : Gk. z- phonetic mutation Gk. ξώστρα ψηκτρίς, ψήκτρια Hes. (‘striegel”), rather with ksō- here, as with *ksōs- zur root form ks-es-; here probably with metathesis Balt *skuu̯ō “rasiere” in Ltv. skuvu, skũt, Lith. skutù, skùsti ds.

    [u]References: WP. I 449 ff., WH. I 178 f., Trautmann 119 f., 268, Specht IE Decl. 239, 250, Kuiper Nasalpräs. 851.